An auto hauler is the specialized truck and trailer combination used to transport multiple vehicles simultaneously over long distances. The term can refer to both the equipment itself and the company or driver operating the equipment. Auto haulers are the backbone of the vehicle shipping industry, enabling the efficient, cost-effective movement of cars across the country.
The most common auto hauler configuration is an open multi-car carrier consisting of a semi-truck cab pulling a two-level trailer with adjustable ramps and decks. These trailers typically carry 7 to 10 vehicles depending on vehicle sizes. The upper and lower decks can be hydraulically adjusted to accommodate vehicles of different heights, from low-slung sports cars to tall SUVs and trucks.
Loading and unloading an auto hauler requires specialized skill. Drivers must carefully position each vehicle on the deck, accounting for weight distribution, height clearances, and the loading sequence — since vehicles on the lower deck must be loaded before upper-deck vehicles. The entire loading process for a full trailer can take 2 to 3 hours. Vehicles are secured using wheel straps and tire nets rather than chains, which prevents damage to wheels and body panels.
Auto haulers operate under strict federal regulations enforced by the FMCSA. All commercial carriers must maintain a valid Motor Carrier (MC) number and US Department of Transportation (DOT) number. Drivers must hold a Commercial Driver's License (CDL) with appropriate endorsements. Haulers must carry minimum cargo insurance of $750,000, though many carry $1 million or more.
The auto hauler industry includes both asset-based carriers (companies that own their trucks and employ their drivers) and owner-operators (independent drivers who own their equipment and contract with brokers or directly with customers). Both models can provide excellent service when properly vetted for licensing, insurance, and safety records.